Mental Retardation
Psychology today defines mental retardation as a condition diagnosed before age 18, usually in infancy or prior to birth, that includes below-average general intellectual function, and a lack of the skills necessary for live daily living. When onset occurs at age 18 or after, it is called dementia, which can coexist with an MR diagnosis.
Characteristics:
Types:
Probably the best known cause of intellectual disabilities. Down syndrome is one of the most common chromosomal disorders and is often what people think of when intellectual disability is mentioned. Down syndrome occurs in about 1 in 691 live births. Individuals with down syndrome experience mild to moderate intellectual disability and have strong promise for success in school and in the world of work with proper supports.
Fragile X syndrome is the most common form of intellectual disability that is passed from parent to child. Individuals with Fragile X syndrome can manifest a rage of intellectual disabilities, from mild to severe. Some, but not all, males with fragile X syndrome have physical symptoms including an elongated face and large ears
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Instructional Techniques and Accommodations:
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Sources:
Teaching Students Who Are Exceptional, Diverse, and at Risk
http://kidshealth.org/kid/health_problems/birth_defect/mental_retardation.html
http://www.psychologytoday.com/conditions/mental-retardation
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001523.htm
http://www.webmd.com/children/intellectual-disability-mental-retardation
http://www.education.com/reference/article/characteristics-children-mental-retardation/
Teaching Students Who Are Exceptional, Diverse, and at Risk
http://kidshealth.org/kid/health_problems/birth_defect/mental_retardation.html
http://www.psychologytoday.com/conditions/mental-retardation
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001523.htm
http://www.webmd.com/children/intellectual-disability-mental-retardation
http://www.education.com/reference/article/characteristics-children-mental-retardation/